如何使用qemu启动openeuler-24.03-LTS-SP2
首先，需要下载相关的文件，直接在官网下载即可。
链接：openEuler下载 | openEuler ISO镜像 | openEuler社区
图上这个4个文件是必要的，其余的可以选择下载。
https://mirror.nyist.edu.cn/openeuler/openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2/virtual_machine_img/riscv64/RISCV_VIRT_CODE.fd
https://mirror.nyist.edu.cn/openeuler/openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2/virtual_machine_img/riscv64/RISCV_VIRT_VARS.fd
https://mirror.nyist.edu.cn/openeuler/openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2/virtual_machine_img/riscv64/start_vm.sh
https://mirror.nyist.edu.cn/openeuler/openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2/virtual_machine_img/riscv64/openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2-riscv64.qcow2.xz
笔者这里使用的ubuntu24，需要提前安装需要的软件包
apt install -y qemu-system xz-utils
#有了xz工具，才可以解压镜像文件
#unxz -k file，使用-k会保留原文件，否则就会解压后删掉原来的
unxz -k openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2-riscv64.qcow2.xz
#解压完成后的目录结构：
ls
RISCV_VIRT_CODE.fd openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2-riscv64.qcow2 start_vm.sh
RISCV_VIRT_VARS.fd openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2-riscv64.qcow2.xz
#解压以后，可以看一下qcow2文件的信息，可见，磁盘只有40G，可以对其进行扩容操作
qemu-img info openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2-riscv64.qcow2
image: openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2-riscv64.qcow2
file format: qcow2
virtual size: 40 GiB (42949672960 bytes)
disk size: 1.29 GiB
cluster_size: 65536
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
compression type: zlib
lazy refcounts: false
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
extended l2: false
Child node '/file':
filename: openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2-riscv64.qcow2
protocol type: file
file length: 1.29 GiB (1388380160 bytes)
disk size: 1.29 GiB
对磁盘进行扩容
#对磁盘增加100G的空间
qemu-img resize openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2-riscv64.qcow2 +100G
Image resized.
#再查看qcow2文件的信息，立即就增加了100G的容量
qemu-img info openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2-riscv64.qcow2
image: openEuler-24.03-LTS-SP2-riscv64.qcow2
file format: qcow2
virtual size: 140 GiB (150323855360 bytes)
#要真正的扩容，还需要启动系统，修改分区表的信息
#给脚本增加执行权限，即可以一键启动系统
chmod +x start_vm.sh
./start_vm.sh
回车，即可以很快的进入系统
账号密码：
#用户名: root
#初始密码: openEuler12#$
#建议使用passwd修改密码
继续完成磁盘的扩容操作
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 140 GiB, 150323855360 bytes, 293601280 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xafa7bdda
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vda1 2048 4194303 4192256 2G e W95 FAT16 (LBA)
/dev/vda2 4194304 83886079 79691776 38G 83 Linux
#以上可见，磁盘分区还需要修改，让我们完成修改。
# /dev/vda 和 /dev/vda2 就是需要修改的目标
# 下面是一次完整的磁盘分区调整操作
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/vda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.39.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea.
It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap
partitions on this disk.
#p是显示当前分区信息
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/vda: 140 GiB, 150323855360 bytes, 293601280 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xafa7bdda
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vda1 2048 4194303 4192256 2G e W95 FAT16 (LBA)
/dev/vda2 4194304 83886079 79691776 38G 83 Linux
#d是删除分区命令，后面提供删除哪一个分区
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
Partition 2 has been deleted.
#n是新建分区
#这里是由于MBR分区的限制，目前只有一个分区，所以可以直接创建主分区:p
#如果分区数量超过4了，就要选择扩展分区:e
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
#分区号，目前只有一个分区，按顺序+1即可
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
#指定该分区的起始扇区号和结束扇区号，这里分别回车即可，如果不需要再创建其他分区的话
First sector (4194304-293601279, default 4194304):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (4194304-293601279, default 293601279):
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 138 GiB.
Partition #2 contains a ext4 signature.
#N即可
Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: N
#再检查一下，确认无误，后面再w写入磁盘
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/vda: 140 GiB, 150323855360 bytes, 293601280 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xafa7bdda
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vda1 2048 4194303 4192256 2G e W95 FAT16 (LBA)
/dev/vda2 4194304 293601279 289406976 138G 83 Linux
#写入磁盘，本次分区结束。
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.
#分区修改生效
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 140 GiB, 150323855360 bytes, 293601280 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xafa7bdda
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vda1 2048 4194303 4192256 2G e W95 FAT16 (LBA)
/dev/vda2 4194304 293601279 289406976 138G 83 Linux
分区完成，为了使用方便，还可以装一些常用的软件：
[root@localhost ~]# date
Fri Jun 13 06:12:48 PM UTC 2025
#至少，时间管理工具需要安装吧，否则时间错误， chrony
dnf install -y chrony vim net-tools util-linux
[root@localhost ~]# dnf install -y chrony net-tools util-linux vim
OS 234 kB/s | 2.9 MB 00:12
everything 657 kB/s | 16 MB 00:24
EPOL 627 kB/s | 4.6 MB 00:07
debuginfo 627 kB/s | 4.2 MB 00:06
source 346 kB/s | 1.7 MB 00:05
update 42 B/s | 241 B 00:05
update-source 365 kB/s | 1.7 MB 00:04
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:02 ago on Fri 13 Jun 2025 06:17:52 PM UTC.
Package net-tools-2.10-5.oe2403sp2.riscv64 is already installed.
Package util-linux-2.39.1-22.oe2403sp2.riscv64 is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repo Size
================================================================================
Installing:
chrony riscv64 4.3-3.oe2403sp2 OS 204 k
vim-enhanced riscv64 2:9.0.2092-18.oe2403sp2 OS 1.6 M
......
#启动chrony服务来同步时间。
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable chronyd
[root@localhost ~]# date
Fri Jun 13 06:22:32 PM UTC 2025
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start chronyd
[root@localhost ~]# date
Thu Jul 10 11:59:53 AM UTC 2025
至此，系统设置完毕，就可以尽情探索和体验系统了。